Glossary of soil science terms 1 a a,adipyridyl a dye that when dissolved in 1 n ammonium acetate is used to detect the presence of reduced iron fe ii in the soil. The utilization of biological processes on farms to produce food and other products useful and necessary to man. Loose, permeable till deposited during the final downwasting of glacial ice. Natural soil aggregates, such as granules, blocks, or prisms, are called. Subjects covered include soil physics, soil chemistry, soil biology and biochemistry, pedology, soil and water management and conservation, forest and range soils, nutrient management and soil and plant analysis, mineralogy, wetland soils, and soils and environmental quality. Official glossary of landform and geologic termspdf document glossary of terms for subaqueous soils. Glossary of terms used in soil and landscape science. A phase of the study of agronomy dealing with the relation of yield to the quantity of an added fertilizer element. Soil structure the arrangement of soil particles into clusters, called peds, of various shapes that resemble balls, blocks, columns, or plates. Glossary of soil science terms 2008 asa, cssa, and sssa. Underlined words in definitions are explained elsewhere in the glossary. Glossary of soil science terms american society of agronomy. Glossary of soil science terms for soil evaluators ablation till. Home october 1979 volume 128 issue 4 glossary of soil micromorphology, 1979.
Thanks are expressed to the many members of the society who have aided in the development of this glossary over the years. It is also true that the study of soils can be both fascinating and intellectually satisfying. Aerated soil an aerated soil is a soil with a good movement of air through the soil structure. Graph showing the percentage of sand, silt, and clay in the soil texture classes pdf. Glossary of terms for subaqueous soils, landscapes, landforms, and parent materials of estuaries and lagoons note. Soil organic matter consists of 50 to 58 percent soil organic carbon. Commonly, such soil formed in recent alluvium or on steep rocky slopes. This term is used as a subgroup distinction for a number of soil orders in the australian soil classification system isbell 1996 acidification. Commonly, such soil formed in recent alluvium or on. Purchase elseviers dictionary of soil science 1st edition. Pdf the regolith glossary surficial geology, soils and. A glossary of common forestry terms 3 biltmore stick a large rulertype instrument that is used to measure the diameter at breast height dbh and log height of timber in order to estimate board foot volume.
Index of permeability problems, based upon water quality. The soil science society defines soil health as the capacity of a specific kind of soil to function, within natural or managed ecosystem boundaries, to sustain plant and animal productivity, maintain or enhance water and air quality, and support human health and habitation. Soil texture the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay particles. The term implies that wood will rot when dry, which is not true. Article as pdf 61 kb article as epub print this article. Definitions are taken directly or adapted from soil and environmental science dictionary. May be an important part of nutrient cycling in some ecosystems. Life science vocabulary terms abiotic nonliving, physical features of the environment, including air, water, sunlight, soil, temperature, and climate. General agricultural science inft of soil in very fine. Soil texture soil texture is determined by the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay in the soil. Also, the rolling or pushing of particles along the ground surface by wind. Also included are a limited number of closely associated subaerial terms to provide a more complete suite of terms for the lagoonestuarine environment. The glossary of geology gg, 2005 serves as a major source for many glossary terms.
A fundamental knowledge of soil science is a prerequisite to meeting the many natural resource challenges that will face humanity in the 21st century. Soil organic carbon loss refers to the decline of organic carbon stock in the soil affecting its fertility status and climate change regulation capacity. An interesting additional feature of this dictionary is the inclusion of french equivalents and definitions for many of the key terms. The term is also sometimes used to refer to the dried residue of wood decay. It can be accelerated by human activities tillage and animals. New material will be added as needed check back often. The process by which atoms, molecules, or ions are taken up from the soil solution or soil atmosphere and retained on the surfaces of solids by chemical or physical binding. Aggregates soil aggregates are soil lumps of a range of sizes. Department of soil science, reading, united kingdom. Glossary of terms used in soil and landscape science 2 show rapid increases in acidity. Glossary of soil science terms guidebook for waste and soil. For more information, please visit our website at uk. In these soils, it is very important to maintain high levels of organic matter.
Many types of bacteria can cause diseases, but others can be very helpful to humans. Soil landscape terminology extremely and strongly acid soils with laboratory. Glossary of soil and fertilizer terms 3 nitrification. Classified into two major groups composing a humic and nonhumic substances.
Additional crop terminology information common names pdf scientific names and use pdf selected bibliography pdf. It is prepared for the international society of soil science and deals with terms used in the study, prevention and treatment of soil erosion by rain. This article is a glossary of more than 1800 terms related to soil science. In soil science, the slow movement of soil down a slope under the force of gravity. The subjects of this dictionary are most of geological terms but there are many terms that also related with geophysics, biology, astrophysics, and geography. Science glossary grade 4 wyoming department of education. Just read on the following glossary to get a quick idea about some interesting terms. Terms preceded by an asterisk are subaqueous terms. Soil profile a section of the soil that has been cut vertically to expose all its horizons, or layers.
Glossary of crop science terms american society of agronomy. Oct 16, 2017 here list of glossary of biology terms and definition. This leads to an alluvial deposit forming in the water. Soil is capable of supporting plant life and is vital to life on earth. This situation leads to widespread restrictions on water use. It forms at the surface of land it is the skin of the earth. This glossary of crop science terms was developed by a number of ad hoc committees of the crop science society of america to provide a single glossary of terms for the various disciplines of crop science available to download. Soils can become more acid under land management systems that have net acid input, such as nitrogen leaching. The process whereby soils become acidic over a period of time as a result of. Lenses of crudely sorted sand and gravel are common. Soil and environmental science dictionary 1st edition e. The following listing includes terms and definitions used in this book for describing soils and solid wastes. List of important biology terms and definitions vidyagyaan. Glossary of technical terms 5 11 food and agriculture.
A line the line on the plasticity chart that separates the. A parcel of land, containing 4,840 square yards or 43,560 square feet. Soil structure is described by the shape of the soil aggregates and how they form in the soil profile e. Aeration, soil the process by which air in the soil is replaced by air from the atmosphere. These proportions are placed into various classes to aid in communicating to others the significance of the various combinations. Glossary of soil science terms, 20 adjusted sodium adsorption ratio adj. Organic fertilizers are materials that are derived from living materials. Glossary of crop science terms crop science society of america.
Soils are complex mixtures of minerals, water, air, organic matter, and countless organisms that are the decaying remains of onceliving things. This glossary of soil science terms was an ad hoc committee of the soil science of america to provide a single glossary of terms for the various disciplines of soil science. Soil and environmental science dictionary defines terms accurately and clearly for professionals working in areas such as agronomy, building construction, civil. Glossary of soil science terms soil science society of america. Link to sssa glossary of soil science terms official glossary of landform and geologic terms pdf document glossary of terms for subaqueous soils. Soil engineering sectional committee had been approved by the civil engineering division council. Soil science division staff and ncss participants are encouraged to propose additions and changes to the glossary for use in pedon descriptions, soil map unit descriptions, and soil survey publications. Home food and agriculture organization of the united nations. This process differs from absorption where a materialthe absorbateis dissolved in the soil solution.
This dictionary includes some 9200 terms, each with a definition and often and additional descriptive text in english, the terms being tr. Both a way of life and a means of life for the people involved in. Uptake of matter or energy by a substance acid soil. Home october 1979 volume 128 issue 4 glossary of soil micromorphology. Each class name has maximum and minimum percentages of each fraction. Glossary of soil science terms, reprinted springerlink. To read the fulltext of this research, you can request a copy directly from the author. This is the layer of mineral soil with the most organic matter accumulation and soil life. General agricultural science inft of soil in very fine sandy. Process whereby soil becomes acid ph soil leaching occurs. This layer is not usually selected in soil surveys. This glossary of soil science terms was an ad hoc committee of the soil science of america to. Glossary of soil science terms guidebook for waste and. The following article has a glossary list that will help you understand these difficult scientific terms and definitions at a glance.
Science is a very vast subject that has innumerable words, terms, definitions, etc. Appendix 1b glossary definitions are taken directly or adapted. An aerated soil is a soil with a good movement of air through the soil structure. Agronomy science of soil management and production of crop. Wormholes and illuvial clay, silt, and humus occupy at least 5% of the horizon by volume. Soil erosion is broadly defined as the removal of top soil from the land surface by running water, wind, ice or gravity. Glossary of soil science terms crop science society of. Glossary of soil science terms 2008 asa, cssa, and sssa books. Many fine particles held in a single mass or cluster. Pdf soil, definition, function, and utilization of soil. Sep 08, 2008 more than 1800 terms are included in this revised glossary. A glossary of common forestry terms 6 dry rot a wood decay caused by specialized fungi that has some ability to transport water. Soils with a b2 horizon in which the major part is strongly acid.
Soil formed under naturally wet or waterlogged conditions as evidenced by grey colours stemming from the reduction, under anaerobic conditions, of ferric iron to the ferrous state. The soil in terms of the interaction of various spheres 1. This glossary of crop science terms was developed by a number of ad hoc committees of the crop science society of america to provide a single glossary of terms for the various disciplines of crop science. Subject matter includes soil physics, soil chemistry, soil biology and biochemistry, pedology, soil and water management and conservation, forest and range soils, nutrient management and soil and plant analysis, mineralogy, wetland soils, and soils and environmental quality. The process whereby soils become acidic over a period of time as a.
Glossary of soil science terms soil science society of. Soil organic matter is thermodynamically unstable and is part of the natural balance. Subjects covered include soil physics, soil chemistry, soil biology and biochemistry, pedology, soil and water management and conservation, forest and range soils, nutrient management and soil and plant analysis, mineralogy, wetland soils, and soils and environmental. That portion of the water below the surface of the ground at a pressure equal to, or greater than, that of the atmosphere. This edition was published in 1987 by soil science society of america in madison, wisc. Glossary of terms used in soil and landscape science nsw. Descriptive terms used here with certain ranges in.
The exchange of air in soil with air from the atmosphere. Crown drip the portion of rainfall, snowmelt, or fog that drips from vegetation. The process of mixing decaying leaves, manure and other nutritive matter to improve and fertilize soil. In a wellaerated soil, the soil air is very similar in composition to the atmosphere above the soil. Glossary of soilrelated terms this glossary seeks to explain in nontechnical language some of the common terminology used by soil scientists. Terms for describing consistence rupture resistance of blocklike specimens pdf. Alphabetical listing of soil terms, az 2008 asa, cssa. Very small living organisms made of only one cell which are present everywhere the air, the soil, on the skin. Science glossary grade 4 adaptation a characteristic of an organism that increases its chance of survival in its environment atmosphere the layers of gas that surround earth, other planets, or stars atom the smallest unit of a chemical element that can still retain the properties of that element. Glossary of soil science terms crop science society of america. The glossary is very useful to geologists, geographers, and mineral explorers, and those working in the environmental, soil, and agricultural sciences, as well as earth science teachers. The physical arrangement of soil particles into soil aggregates. Glossary of soilrelated terms homepage soil portal.
Glossary of crop science terms crop science society of. Glossary of technical terms on land, tenure and water absolute water scarcity is the insufficiency of supply to satisfy total demand after all feasible options to enhance supply and manage demand have been implemented. Geology is an interesting subject in knowing history of earth creation, creature evolution, ancient earth life and earth. Agrology soil science dealing specially with production of crop. The science and business of raising and harvesting fish in a controlled situation. Alluvium alluvium is a deposit made by a river or running water. Soil that is deposited by water flowing over flood plains, river valleys, and creek bottoms.
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